Oroconazol
Pharmacodynamics: Miconazole has antifungal activity against common fungi and skin fungi as well as antibacterial activity against certain Gram-positive bacilli and cocci. Its action is based on the inhibition of the demethylation step in the biosynthesis of ergosterol. Ergosterol, the end product of biosynthesis and the main sterol in yeast and fungi. The disruption of ergosterol production disrupts fungal cell membranes, causing holes in them. These holes allow essential components of the fungal cell to escape and eventually the fungal cell dies.
Pharmacokinetics: The oral bioavailability of miconazole is low (2530%) because miconazole is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Miconazole is absorbed systemically after administration as an oral gel. Absorbed miconazole is bound to plasma proteins (88.2%), mainly serum albumin and red blood cells (10.6%). The absorbed fraction of Miconazole oral gel is extensively metabolized; Less than 1% of the dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. The terminal plasma half-life is 2025 hours in most patients. The half-life of miconazole was similar in all patients with renal impairment.
Pharmacodynamics: Miconazole has antifungal activity against common fungi and skin fungi as well as antibacterial activity against certain Gram-positive bacilli and cocci. Its action is based on the inhibition of the demethylation step in the biosynthesis of ergosterol. Ergosterol, the end product of biosynthesis and the main sterol in yeast and fungi. The disruption of ergosterol production disrupts fungal cell membranes, causing holes in them. These holes allow essential components of the fungal cell to escape and eventually the fungal cell dies.
Pharmacokinetics: The oral bioavailability of miconazole is low (2530%) because miconazole is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Miconazole is absorbed systemically after administration as an oral gel. Absorbed miconazole is bound to plasma proteins (88.2%), mainly serum albumin and red blood cells (10.6%). The absorbed fraction of Miconazole oral gel is extensively metabolized; Less than 1% of the dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. The terminal plasma half-life is 2025 hours in most patients. The half-life of miconazole was similar in all patients with renal impairment.
Pharmacodynamics: Miconazole has antifungal activity against common fungi and skin fungi as well as antibacterial activity against certain Gram-positive bacilli and cocci. Its action is based on the inhibition of the demethylation step in the biosynthesis of ergosterol. Ergosterol, the end product of biosynthesis and the main sterol in yeast and fungi. The disruption of ergosterol production disrupts fungal cell membranes, causing holes in them. These holes allow essential components of the fungal cell to escape and eventually the fungal cell dies.
Pharmacokinetics: The oral bioavailability of miconazole is low (2530%) because miconazole is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Miconazole is absorbed systemically after administration as an oral gel. Absorbed miconazole is bound to plasma proteins (88.2%), mainly serum albumin and red blood cells (10.6%). The absorbed fraction of Miconazole oral gel is extensively metabolized; Less than 1% of the dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. The terminal plasma half-life is 2025 hours in most patients. The half-life of miconazole was similar in all patients with renal impairment.
Dosage and administration
For oral administration
The dose of is based on 15 mg / kg / day of
Adults: one or two tablespoons (510 ml) of gel four times a day.
Children 6 years and older: one tablespoon (5 ml) of gel at a time four times a day.
26-year-olds: One tablespoon (5 ml) of gel twice a day.
Infants under 2 years: half a tablespoon (2.5 ml) of gel twice a day.
For local lesions of the oral cavity, a small amount of gel can be applied directly to the affected area with clean fingers. For local treatment of the oropharynx, the gel should stay in the mouth for as long as possible and should be used for up to 2 days after the symptoms disappear. For thrush, the dentures should be removed at night and the gel should be brushed.
Interaction
Simultaneous treatment with terfenadine, astemizole, and cisapride should be avoided because in vitro studies have shown that miconazole can inhibit its metabolism, so these products can precipitate. Miconazole can delay the metabolism of phenytoin and cyclosporine, which can cause toxicity of phenytoin and cyclosporine, respectively.
Contraindications
Miconazole is contraindicated in patients who are known to be allergic to the active substance.
Side Effects
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are occasionally reported during long-term treatment. Rarely, allergic reactions will be reported.
Pregnancy & Lactation
During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. It is not known whether this drug passes into breast milk.
Precautions & Warnings
If the concomitant use of miconazole and anticoagulants is considered, the effects of anticoagulants should be monitored and titrated. For infants and young children, care should be taken that the gel does not block the throat. Therefore, the gel should not be applied to the back of the throat and the full dose should be divided into smaller portions.
Therapeutic Class
Aural Anti-fungal preparations
Storage Conditions
keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.